Table of Contents
About the Author vii
Preface ix
Section I Surgery Review
Chapter 1 Trauma 3
Initial Survey (the ABCs) 3
Airway 3
Breathing 4
Shock 4
Massive Bleeding 5
A Review from Head to Toe 7
Head Trauma 7
Neck Trauma 9
Spinal Cord Injuries 10
Chest Trauma 10
Abdominal Trauma 13
Pelvic Fractures 17
Urologic Injuries 17
The Extremities 19
Burns 19
Bites and Stings 23
Surgical Infections 25
Chapter 2 Orthopedics 29
Disorders in Children 29
Disorders of the Hip 29
Other Locations 30
Fractures 31
Tumors 32
Children and Young Adults 32
Adults 32
General Orthopedics 33
Common Adult Orthopedic Injuries 33
Orthopedic Emergencies 38
Common Hand Problems 40
Back Pain 41
Leg Ulcers 43
Foot Pain 44
Chapter 3 Pre-Op and Post-Op Care 45
Preoperative Assessment 45
Cardiac Risk 45
Pulmonary Risk 46
Hepatic Risk 46
Nutritional Risk 46
Metabolic Risk 47
Postoperative Complications 47
Fever 47
Chest Pain 48
Other Pulmonary Complications 49
Disorientation/Coma 50
Urinary Complications 51
Abdominal Distention 52
Is It Small Bowel or Colon? 53
What Are Air-Fluid Levels? 53
Wound 54
Intravenous Fluid Therapy 55
Fluids and Electrolytes 57
pH or Nanoequivalents? 58
Radiology for the Surgical Consumer 61
Chapter 4 General Surgery 63
Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System 63
The Upper Gastrointestinal System 63
The Mid and Lower Gastrointestinal System 65
Gastrointestinal Bleeding 70
The Acute Abdomen 72
Hepatobiliary 75
ERCP or MRCP? 78
The Pancreas 81
A Primer of Surgical Oncology 83
Diseases of the Breast 85
Breast Cancer: An Example of Evolving Knowledge 88
Diseases of the Endocrine System 90
Help from Nuclear Medicine 91
Surgical Hypertension 93
Decoding the Operative Note: The Names of Operations 95
Chapter 5 Pediatric Surgery 97
Birth Through the First 24 Hours 97
A Few Days Old Through the First Two Months of Life 100
Later in Infancy 102
Flu/d Needs in Children 103
Chapter 6 Cardiothoracic Surgery 105
Congenital Heart Problems 105
Acquired Heart Disease 107
The Lung 109
Chapter 7 Vascular Surgery 111
The Riddle of Biopsies: FNA Versus Core, Incisional Versus Excisional 114
Chapter 8 Skin Surgery 117
Chapter 9 Ophthalmology 119
Children 119
Adults 120
Chapter 10 Otolaryngology (ENT) 123
Neck Masses 123
Congenital 123
Inflammatory Versus Neoplastic 124
Other Tumors 125
Pediatric ENT 126
ENT Emergencies and Miscellaneous 126
Chapter 11 Neurosurgery 129
Differential Diagnosis Based on Patient History 129
Vascular Occlusive Disease 129
Intracranial Bleeding 130
Brain Tumors 131
Pain Syndromes 134
Chapter 12 Urology 135
Urologic Emergencies 135
Congenital Urologic Disease 137
Tumors 138
Retention and Incontinence 139
Stones 140
Miscellaneous 141
Diagnosing Nocturnal Erections with Postage Stamps: A Generation Gap 142
Chapter 13 Bariatric Surgery 143
Chapter 14 Organ Transplantation 147
Section II Practice Questions
Questions 151
Answer Key 243
