Perspectives from the Past: Primary Sources in Western Civilizations / Edition 7

by James M. Brophy, Joshua Cole, John Robertson, Thomas Max Safley, Carol Symes

Overview

A rich, relevant collection of primary sources at an exceptional value

Perspectives from the Past: Primary Sources in Western Civilizations features a diverse range of primary sources, offering a total of 251 classic and contemporary documents of varying length, as well as images. In this revised Seventh Edition, the documents have been refreshed based on instructor feedback to reflect the materials most widely assigned in the course, and new documents touch on themes of nationalism, ethnicity, and migration. Together, this content makes Perspectives the most student-friendly and relevant reader—at an incredible value.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780393418712
Publisher:	Norton, W. W. & Company, Inc.
Publication date:	03/27/2020
Edition description:	Seventh Edition
Pages:	624
Sales rank:	340,641
Product dimensions:	7.30(w) x 9.10(h) x 0.90(d)

About the Author

James Brophy is the Francis H. Squire Professor of History specializing in modern European history at the University of Delaware. He received his B.A. from Vassar College and did his graduate training at the Universität Tubingen and Indiana University, where he specialized in the social and political history of nineteenth-century Europe. He is the author of Capitalism, Politics, and Railroads in Prussia, 1830–1870 and Popular Culture and the Public Sphere in the Rhineland, 1800-1850.

Joshua Cole is Professor of History at the University of Michigan. Specializing in the social and cultural history of France since the Revolution of 1789, he earned his Ph.D. at University of California at Berkeley. He is the author of The Power of Large Numbers: Population, Politics, and Gender in Nineteenth-Century France (2000).

John Robertson received both his M.A. and his Ph.D. in ancient history from the University of Pennsylvania. A specialist in the social and economic history of the Ancient Near East, Professor Robertson has published several articles in major scholarly journals and contributed articles to such major reference works as the recently published Encyclopedia of Ancient History (2012) and Cursed Cradle: A Short History of Mesopotamia/Iraq (2013).

Thomas Max Safley is Professor of History at the University of Pennsylvania. A specialist in the economic and social history of early modern Europe, his particular research interests include the history of the Reformation, the family, charity, work, and business. In addition to numerous articles and reviews, Professor Safley is the author of Let No Man Put Asunder: The Control of Marriage in the German Southwest, 1550–1620 and Charity and Economy in the Orphanages of early modern Augsburg.

Carol Symes is an Associate Professor of history and Director of Undergraduate Studies in the history department at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, where she has won the top teaching award in the College of Liberal Arts and Science. Her main areas of study include medieval Europe, especially France and England; cultural history; history of information media and communication technologies; history of theatre. Her first book was A Common Stage: Theater and Public Life in Medieval Arras (2007).

Table of Contents

Preface for Instructors xiv

Preface for Students xix

Where to Begin? xxv

Chapter 1 Early Civilizations 1

Sculpted Pillar at Gobekli Tepe (c. 10,000 B.C.E.) 5

From Lamentation over the Destruction of Sumer and Urim 6

The Hymn to Hapy 11

From The Epic of Gilgamesh 13

From The Code of Hammurabi 21

Letters of Royal Women of the Old Babylonian Period 27

From The Instruction of Ptah-Hotep 29

Egyptian Love Poetry 36

From The Book of the Dead 37

Chapter 2 Peoples, Cods, and Empires, 1700-500 B.C.E. 41

Akhenaton's Hymn to the Aton 44

Treaty between Ramesses II of Egypt and Hattusilis III of Hatti 47

From The Middle Assyrian Laws 51

The Victory Stele of Merneptah (c. 1210 B.C.E.) 54

Herodotus From The Histories: Manners and Customs of the Scythians 55

From The Babylonian Account of the Great Flood 58

Psalm 137 67

From The Torah: Laws 68

From The Book of Isaiah: Prophecies 74

Chapter 3 The Civilization of Greece, 1000-400 B.C.E. 81

Homer From The Odyssey 82

Spartan Society and Values 86

Hippocrates From On Airs, Waters, and Places 93

Herodotus From The Histories: The Second Persian Invasion of Greece 100

Thucydides From The Peloponnesian Wars 106

Sophocles From Antigone 114

Aristophanes From Lysistrata 122

Vase Depicting a Slave, Perhaps in a Scene from a Greek Play (c. 450 B.C.E.) 130

Plato From Apology 131

Chapter 4 The Greek World Expands, 400-150 B.C.E. 136

Plato From The Republic 138

Aristotle From Politics 145

Alexander the Great and the Limits of Conquest 150

Hellenistic Architecture in the Near East (c. 175 C.E.) 154

Epictetus From The Manual: Stoicism 155

The Jewish Encounter with Hellenism: The Maccabees' Rebellion 161

Chapter 5 The Civilization of Ancient Rome 169

From The Twelve Tables 170

Plutarch From Lives 174

Cicero From On the Laws 179

Virgil From The Aeneid 183

Tacitus From Germania 185

A Mummy from the Time of the roman empire (100 C.E.) 188

Seneca "On the Brevity of Life" 193

Chapter 6 The Transformation of Rome 196

The Teaching of Jesus According to the Gospel of Matthew 197

The Martyrdom of Perpetua 202

Funerary Stele of Aurelius Secundus with his Wife and Child 209

Saint Augustine From The City of God and Confessions 210

The Creed and Canons of the Roman Church 216

Saint Benedict From The Rule 221

Gregory of Tours From History of the Franks 226

Chapter 7 Rome's Three Heirs, 500-950 232

Mosaics of Justinian and Theodora, Church of San Vitale, Ravenna (c. 500) 234

The Iconoclastic Council of Constantinople (754) and the Second Council of Nicaea (787) 235

From The Quran, as Revealed to Muhammad 241

Ibn Fadlan An Arabic View of the Viking Rus' 248

Runestone at Funbo, Sweden 249

Bede From A History of the English Church and People 253

From The Anglo-Saxon Translation of the Book of Genesis 257

Einhard From The Life of Charlemagne 262

Chapter 8 The Expansion of Europe, 950-1100 268

Fulcher of Chartres From Chronicle of the First Crusade 269

Anna Comnena From The Alexiad 276

From The Song of Roland 280

From The Anonymous of Mainz: A Hebrew Account of the First Crusade 286

An Ibn Al-Athir An Arabic Account of the First Crusade 292

From The Autobiography of Avicenna 297

Chapter 9 The Consolidation of Europe, 1100-1250 301

Heloise Letter to Abelard 302

Guibert of Nogent On the Uprising of the Laon Commune and the Murder of Bishop Gaudry 309

Anonymous "The Wife of Orleans" 314

Hildegard of Bingen Letter to the Clergy of Mainz 317

The Persecution of Jews and the Jewish Badge 321

The Magna Carta: The "Great Charter" of 1215 322

Thomas Aquinas From Summa Theologica 330

Chapter 10 The Medieval World, 1250-1350 337

Marco Polo Prologue to The Description of the World 338

Ibn Battuta From The Travels 348

Pope Boniface VIII Papal Bull Unam Sanctam 352

Dante Alighieri From The Divine Comedy 354

The Triumph of Death (c. 1340) 358

Giovanni Boccaccio From The Decameron 359

Chapter 11 Rebirth and Unrest, 1350-1453 364

Geoffrey Chaucer From The Canterbury Tales: "The Pardoner's Tale" 365

Christine De Pisan From The Book of the City of Ladies 383

From The Trial of Jeanne d'Arc 387

Petrarch From Letters to Classical Authors 391

Jan Hus From The Church 398

The Siege of Constantinople and the Sultan's Treaty with the Genoese 402

Chapter 12 Innovation and Exploration, 1453-1533 408

Vasco Da Gama Reactions to Indigenous Peoples, 1497-1498 410

Christopher Columbus Letter on His First Voyage 414

Leonardo Da Vinci From The Notebooks 418

The School of Athens (1509-1511) 420

Baldesar Castiglione From The Book of the Courtier 422

Death of Moctezuma, Florentine Codex 427

Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola From "Oration on the Dignity of Man" 428

Niccolò Machiavelli From The Prince 430

Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam From Ten Colloquies 434

Sir Thomas More From Utopia 438

Chapter 13 The Age of Dissent and Division, 1500-1564 444

Martin Luther From The Large Catechism, 1530 445

Martin Luther From On the Jews and Their Lies 450

The Wittenberg Altarpiece (1547) 452

John Calvin From Draft of Ecclesiastical Ordinances, September and October 1541 456

John Calvin From Letter to a French Seigneur, 1548 460

Saint Ignatius of Loyola From The Spiritual Exercises 463

The Miracle of St. Ignatius of Loyola (c. 1620) 465

Saint Francis Xavier Reflections on Native Peoples as Contained in Francis's "Letter from India" 466

Woodcut of Argula Von Grumbach Before the Doctors of Theology 475

The Council of Trent 476

Chapter 14 Europe in the Atlantic World, 1550-1660 481

Conquest of Mexico, Florentine Codex 483

Giovanni Michiel From A Venetian Ambassadors Report on the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre 484

Reginald Scot From Discoverie of Witchcraft 486

The Plundering and Burning of a Village, A Hanging, and Peasants Avenge Themselves (1633) 494

From The Peace of Westphalia 495

Michel Eyquem de Montaigne From "Of Cannibals" 499

The "Armada Portrait" of Queen Elizabeth (c. 1588) 504

Elizabeth I Speech to the Troops at Tilbury 505

From The Religious Peace of Augsburg 507

Chapter 15 European Monarchies and Absolutism, 1660-1725 509

Jean Bodin From On Sovereignty 51.1

Thomas Mun From England's Treasure by Forraign Trade, or, The Ballance of our Forraign Trade is The Rule of our Treasure 517

Louis XIV Revocation of the Edict of Nantes 521

Thomas Hobbes From Leviathan 524

Salzburg Emigrants 530

Coffee House Society 531

John Locke From Two Treatises of Government 533

Palace and Gardens of Versailles (1668) 535

Adam Smith From The Wealth of Nations 544

Catherine the Great From Proposals for a New Code of Law 552

Chapter 16 The New Science of the Seventeenth Century 555

Nicolaus Copernicus From Six Books Concerning the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs 556

Galileo Galilei From The Starry Messenger and The Assayer 562

On the Circulation of the Blood (1628) 563

Margaret Cavendish From Observations upon Experimental Philosophy. To which is added, the Description of a New Blazing World 567

Blaise Pascal From Pensées 571

René Descartes From Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy 575

Isaac Newton From Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy 579

Illustration from Metamorphosis Insectorum Surinamensium (1705) 581

John Locke From An Essay Concerning Human Understanding 583

Credits 587