Toxicology of the Lung

by Donald E. Gardner (Editor)

Overview

The most up-to-date treatment of inhalation toxicology available, Toxicology of the Lung, Fourth Edition examines the subject from a target-organ perspective. Completely revised and updated, the book includes contributions from an entirely new set of authors, each of them a leading international authority in their respective specialties. As with the previous editions, it presents the latest advances in our knowledge of how the lung responds to airborne contaminants. It discusses the assessment of nanomaterials, pulmonary administration of new therapeutics, health effects of inhaled particulate matter from diesel exhaust, and respiratory genomics.

The new edition provides insight into current thinking about the critical need for understanding the kinetics and dynamic interactions associated with toxic effects. It explores the appropriateness of recent advances made across disciplines and addresses human clinical testing and emerging technology for using animal and in vitro models to detect adverse effects. The book examines how airborne substances can alter the physiological, biochemical, and morphological functioning of biological systems and covers the latest modeling approaches for predicting deposition and fate of inhaled particles.

Illustrating on-going research efforts for delineating the association between airborne substances and systemic effects, the book provides authoritative reviews of selected areas. The editor makes the information accessible to readers who do not have a background in pulmonary physiology without sacrificing the scientific rigor required by those who do. These features make this the ultimate resource on how pollutants affect allergies, infection, and other lung diseases.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780849328350
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Publication date:	12/20/2005
Series:	Target Organ Toxicology Series
Edition description:	REV
Pages:	696
Product dimensions:	6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

Table of Contents

Methods for Evaluating the Lung in Human Subjects, S.I. Rennard

Human Clinical Studies of Airborne Pollutants, M.W. Frampton, A.P. Pietropaoli, P.E. Morrow, and M.J. Utell

Nasal Irritation-Current Understanding and Future Research Needs, J.C. Walker

In Vitro Models for Lung Toxicology, C.B. Allen

Dosimetry of Particles in Humans: From Children to Adults, B. Asgharian, W. Hofmann, and F.J. Miller

Toxicity in the Lungs Driven by the Dynamics of the Effect or by the Kinetics of the Noxious Agents or Those Whose Effects Are Driven by Exposure, K.K. Rozman, W.L. Roth, and J. Doull

Safety Assessment of Therapeutic Agents Administered by the Respiratory Route, S.C. Gad

Vanilloid Receptors in the Respiratory Tract, C.A. Reilly, J.M. Veranth, B. Veronesi, and G.S. Yost

Pulmonary Immunotoxicology, M.D. Cohen

Animal Models of Respiratory Allergy, J. Pauluhn

Fiber Toxicology, D.M. Bernstein

Reproductive Toxicology Testing of Inhaled Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology Products, A. Viau and K. Robinson

Effects of Engineered Nanoscale Particulates on the Lung, D.B. Warheit

Diesel Exhaust and Viral Infections, I. Jaspers

Adaptation to Toxicant Exposure during Rodent Lung Tumorigenesis, G.M. Curtin, R.J. Potts, P.H. Ayres, D.J. Doolittle, and J.E. Swauger

Tobacco Smoking, H. Witschi

Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: Tee L. Guidotti, MD, MPH, DABT (George Washington University)
Description: This is a comprehensive introduction to inhalation toxicology and environmental lung disease. Without being exhaustive, the editors cover principal topics of the lung as a target organ and route of exposure in a straightforward and consistent style.
Purpose: The purpose is to bring to one place what is known about inhalation toxicology and the lung as a target organ for toxic exposures. The editors emphasize that this text reflects recent advances in the field. However, it is not primarily intended to report new developments but rather to integrate them into what is already known. It is most suitable as a basic reference for interpretation of toxicological data, preparing investigators at the postdoctoral level and beyond who are redirecting their work toward inhalation toxicology. It will also serve as a textbook for graduate students and as a guide for pulmonary investigators interested in environmental lung disease.
Audience: The primary audience is experimental toxicologists, regulatory toxicologists, risk assessment specialists who deal with the interpretation of toxicological data, and pulmonary investigators interested in environmental lung disease. Graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and investigators who are changing research models to inhalation toxicology would also benefit from reading this book thoroughly, as an overview. This book also serves as an excellent resource for experienced investigators when they need to read outside of their own field. Active investigators in inhalation toxicology will need more detail in methodology and models of toxicity in their own area. It is not primarily designed for clinicians and few clinical specialists will probably use it; those who do may find new insights into environmental and occupational lung disease but not clinical guidance. The editors are among the leaders in this field and the book may be considered authoritative.
Features: The chapters are not aggregated into sections, which would help impose order on the rather arbitrary organization. A description of inhalation exposure systems and methods serves as an introduction, followed by a discussion of anatomy. There are chapters on toxicokinetics (dosimetry and absorption, metabolism and clearance, which is hidden in the chapter on dosimetry), toxicodynamics (response to injury, inflammation, carcinogenesis), immunology (mediators, structure-activity relationships in hypersensitivity), disease expression (asthma, health effects of air pollution), agents (mostly criteria air pollutants), and "space toxicology" (hazards and physiological responses associated with space flight). A more logical structure would have been helpful, especially when this is read as a textbook. Coverage is particularly strong in immunology and the health effects of air pollution. Coverage is weak in particulate inhalation, with almost no coverage of non-fiber particulates except for dosimetry. The contributors discuss fibers almost exclusively in terms of comparisons between asbestos and synthetic vitreous fibers. There is no treatment of the pathophysiology of pneumoconioses, a strange omission for such a book. A discussion of rolled exposures is omitted, except for the mechanics of experimental exposure, despite the practical and theoretical importance of this topic.
Assessment: One book, even one as good as this, cannot provide all there is to know about the pathophysiology of environmental lung disease or even just experimental inhalation toxicology. This book fills a valuable niche in a more comprehensive library. It is an excellent companion volume to the more massive "handbook" style references, such as Crystal's The Lung: Scientific Foundations - 2 Volume Set, 2nd Edition (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1997) or Harber's Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease (Mosby, 1996), which, as a rule, do not cover inhalation toxicology very well. This text fills that gap and provides the knowledgeable investigator with a point of departure for reading up on unfamiliar topics. Other texts on inhalation toxicology such as Phalen's Inhalation Studies: Foundations and Techniques (Franklin Book Company, 1984) and Methods in Inhalation Toxicology (CRC Press, 1996) may go into greater detail on exposure methods but are not as comprehensive. This book most resembles Witschi's Mechanisms in Respiratory Toxicology (CRC Press, 1982), which is a fine resource that is now out of date, and McClellan's Concepts in Inhalation Toxicology, 2nd Edition (Taylor and Francis, 1995), which it closely resembles and with which it shares an editor. The latter text is better organized, similar in content, and compares favorably in graphics (although not in the quality of their reproduction) and style with this book. However, McClellan's book is now five years old — and that qualifies as an era in both air pollution studies and immunology. This book is therefore preferred for the niche in a contemporary library of environmental lung disease and inhalation toxicology.

Doody's Review Service